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| [Code of Federal Regulations] |
| [Title 21, Volume 8] |
| [CITE: 21CFR866] |
TITLE 21--FOOD AND DRUGS CHAPTER I--FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
SUBCHAPTER H - MEDICAL DEVICES
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| PART 866 | IMMUNOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY DEVICES |
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Subpart C - Microbiology Devices
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Sec. 866.2050 Staphylococcal typing bacteriophage.
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(a) Identification. A staphylococcal typing bacteriophage is a device consisting of a bacterial virus intended for medical purposes to identify pathogenic staphylococcal bacteria through use of the bacteria's susceptibility to destruction by the virus. Test results are used principally for the collection of epidemiological information.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 54 FR 25045, June 12, 1989; 66 FR 38790, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2120 Anaerobic chamber.
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(a) Identification. An anaerobic chamber is a device intended for medical purposes to maintain an anaerobic (oxygen free) environment. It is used to isolate and cultivate anaerobic microorganisms.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9. The device is also exempt from the good manufacturing practice requirements of the quality system regulation in part 820 of this chapter, with the exception of § 820.180, with respect to general requirements concerning records, and § 820.198, with respect to complaint files.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 66 FR 38790, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2160 Coagulase plasma.
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(a) Identification. Coagulase plasma is a device that consists of freeze-dried animal or human plasma that is intended for medical purposes to perform coagulase tests primarily on staphylococcal bacteria. When reconstituted, the fluid plasma is clotted by the action of the enzyme coagulase which is produced by pathogenic staphylococci. Test results are used primarily as an aid in the diagnosis of disease caused by pathogenic bacteria belonging to the genus Staphylococcus and provide epidemiological information on disease caused by these microorganisms.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 61 FR 1119, Jan. 16, 1996; 66 FR 38790, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2170 Automated colony counter.
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(a) Identification. An automated colony counter is a mechanical device intended for medical purposes to determine the number of bacterial colonies present on a bacteriological culture medium contained in a petri plate. The number of colonies counted is used in the diagnosis of disease as a measure of the degree of bacterial infection.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 54 FR 25045, June 12, 1989; 66 FR 38790, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2180 Manual colony counter.
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(a) Identification. A manual colony counter is a device intended for medical purposes that consists of a printed grid system superimposed on an illuminated screen. Petri plates containing bacterial colonies to be counted are placed on the screen for better viewing and ease of counting. The number of colonies counted is used in the diagnosis of disease as a measure of the degree of bacterial infection.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9. The device is also exempt from the good manufacturing practice requirements of the quality system regulation in part 820 of this chapter, with the exception of § 820.180, with respect to general requirements concerning records, and § 820.198, with respect to complaint files.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 66 FR 38790, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2190 Automated image assessment system for microbial colonies on solid culture media.
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(a) Identification. An automated image assessment system for microbial colonies on solid culture media is a system that is intended to assess the presence or absence of microbial colonies on solid microbiological culture medium, and to interpret their number, and phenotypic and morphologic characteristics through analysis of two dimensional digital images as an aid in diagnosis of infectious disease.
(b) Classification. Class II (special controls). The special controls for this device are:
(1) Premarket notification submissions must include a detailed description of the device, including the technology employed, components and software modules, as well as a detailed explanation of the result algorithms and any expert rules that are used to assess colony characteristics and enumerate colonies from image capture through end result.
(2) Premarket notification submissions must include detailed documentation of the analytical studies performed to characterize device performance to support the intended use, as appropriate.
(3) Premarket notification submissions must include detailed documentation from clinical studies performed on a population that is consistent with the intended use population.
(i) The clinical studies must establish the device performance based on comparison to results obtained by an acceptable reference method, as appropriate.
(ii) The clinical study documentation must include the study protocol with a predefined statistical analysis plan and the final report documenting support for the Indications for Use and the results of the statistical analysis, as appropriate.
(4) Premarket notification submissions must include detailed documentation for device software, including but not limited to software applications and hardware based components that incorporate software, and any decision-making thresholds used to generate results for the device. If a part of a Total Laboratory Automation System, the premarket notification submission must include detailed documentation addressing the instrument and software system integration.
(5) Premarket notification submissions must include detailed documentation of appropriate instructions for use regarding the intended user's device quality control procedures for the instrument system and components, as appropriate.
(6) The 21 CFR 809.10 compliant device labeling must include:
(i) Detailed user instructions to mitigate the risk of failure to operate the instrument correctly.
(ii) A detailed explanation of the interpretation of results and limitations regarding the need for review of culture plates by a qualified microbiologist, as appropriate.
(iii) A summary of performance data obtained from the analytical studies used to support device performance, as appropriate.
(iv) A summary of performance data obtained from clinical studies performed on a population that is consistent with the intended use population, as appropriate.
(7) Under 21 CFR 820.30 compliant design control, device manufacturers must, as appropriate:
(i) Conduct human factors/usability validation testing with the final version of the labeling and related materials to adequately mitigate the risk of failure to operate the instrument correctly.
(ii) Document a device training program that will be offered to the end user to adequately mitigate the risk of failure to operate the instrument correctly.
[82 FR 47969, Oct. 16, 2017]
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Sec. 866.2300 Multipurpose culture medium.
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(a) Identification. A multipurpose culture medium is a device that consists primarily of liquid or solid biological materials intended for medical purposes for the cultivation and identification of several types of pathogenic microorganisms without the need of additional nutritional supplements. Test results aid in the diagnosis of disease and also provide epidemiological information on diseases caused by these microorganisms.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 54 FR 25046, June 12, 1989; 66 FR 38790, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2320 Differential culture medium.
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(a) Identification. A differential culture medium is a device that consists primarily of liquid biological materials intended for medical purposes to cultivate and identify different types of pathogenic microorganisms. The identification of these microorganisms is accomplished by the addition of a specific biochemical component(s) to the medium. Microorganisms are identified by a visible change (e.g., a color change) in a specific biochemical component(s) which indicates that specific metabolic reactions have occurred. Test results aid in the diagnosis of disease and also provide epidemiological information on diseases caused by these microorganisms.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 54 FR 25046, June 12, 1989; 66 FR 38790, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2330 Enriched culture medium.
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(a) Identification. An enriched culture medium is a device that consists primarily of liquid or solid biological materials intended for medical purposes to cultivate and identify fastidious microorganisms (those having complex nutritional requirements). The device consists of a relatively simple basal medium enriched by the addition of such nutritional components as blood, blood serum, vitamins, and extracts of plant or animal tissues. The device is used in the diagnosis of disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms and also provides epidemiological information on these diseases.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 54 FR 25046, June 12, 1989; 66 FR 38791, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2350 Microbiological assay culture medium.
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(a) Identification. A microbiological assay culture medium is a device that consists primarily of liquid or solid biological materials intended for medical purposes to cultivate selected test microorganisms in order to measure by microbiological procedures the concentration in a patient's serum of certain substances, such as amino acids, antimicrobial agents, and vitamins. The concentration of these substances is measured by their ability to promote or inhibit the growth of the test organism in the innoculated medium. Test results aid in the diagnosis of disease resulting from either deficient or excessive amounts of these substances in a patient's serum. Tests results may also be used to monitor the effects of the administration of certain antimicrobial drugs.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 54 FR 25046, June 12, 1989; 66 FR 38791, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2360 Selective culture medium.
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(a) Identification. A selective culture medium is a device that consists primarily of liquid or solid biological materials intended for medical purposes to cultivate and identify certain pathogenic microorganisms. The device contains one or more components that suppress the growth of certain microorganisms while either promoting or not affecting the growth of other microorganisms. The device aids in the diagnosis of disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms and also provides epidemiological information on these diseases.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 54 FR 25046, June 12, 1989; 66 FR 38791, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2390 Transport culture medium.
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(a) Identification. A transport culture medium is a device that consists of a semisolid, usually non-nutrient, medium that maintains the viability of suspected pathogens contained in patient specimens while in transit from the specimen collection area to the laboratory. The device aids in the diagnosis of disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms and also provides epidemiological information on these diseases.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls).
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Sec. 866.2410 Culture medium for pathogenic Neisseria spp.
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(a) Identification. A culture medium for pathogenic Neisseria spp. is a device that consists primarily of liquid or solid biological materials used to cultivate and identify pathogenic Neisseria spp. The identification aids in the diagnosis of disease caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Neisseria, such as epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, other meningococcal disease, and gonorrhea, and also provides epidemiological information on these microorganisms.
(b) Classification. Class II (performance standards).
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Sec. 866.2420 Oxidase screening test for gonorrhea.
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(a) Identification. An oxidase screening test for gonorrhea is an in vitro device that consists of the articles intended to identify by chemical reaction, cytochrome oxidase, an oxidizing enzyme that is associated with certain bacteria including Neisseria gonorrhoeae. A sample of a male's urethral discharge is obtained on a swab which is placed into a wetting agent containing an ingredient that will react with cytochrome oxidase. When cytochrome oxidase is present, the swab turns a dark purple color within 3 minutes. Because it is unlikely that cytochrome oxidase-positive organisms other than Neisseria gonorrhoeae are present in the urethral discharge of males, the identification of cytochrome oxidase with this device indicates presumptive infection of the patient with the causative agent of gonorrhea.
(b) Classification. Class III (premarket approval) (transitional device).
(c) Date PMA or notice of completion of a PDP is required. As of May 28, 1976, an approval under section 515 of the act is required before this device may be commercially distributed. See § 866.3.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 52 FR 17734, May 11, 1987]
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Sec. 866.2440 Automated medium dispensing and stacking device.
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(a) Identification. An automated medium dispensing and stacking device is a device intended for medical purposes to dispense a microbiological culture medium into petri dishes and then mechanically stack the petri dishes.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9. The device is also exempt from the good manufacturing practice requirements of the quality system regulation in part 820 of this chapter, with the exception of § 820.180, with respect to general requirements concerning records, and § 820.198, with respect to complaint files.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 66 FR 38791, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2450 Supplement for culture media.
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(a) Identification. A supplement for culture media is a device, such as a vitamin or sugar mixture, that is added to a solid or liquid basal culture medium to produce a desired formulation and that is intended for medical purposes to enhance the growth of fastidious microorganisms (those having complex nutritional requirements). This device aids in the diagnosis of diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 54 FR 25046, June 12, 1989; 66 FR 38791, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2480 Quality control kit for culture media.
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(a) Identification. A quality control kit for culture media is a device that consists of paper discs (or other suitable materials), each impregnated with a specified, freeze-dried, viable microorganism, intended for medical purposes to determine if a given culture medium is able to support the growth of that microorganism. The device aids in the diagnosis of disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms and also provides epidemiological information on these diseases.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 54 FR 25046, June 12, 1989; 66 FR 38791, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2500 Microtiter diluting and dispensing device.
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(a) Identification. A microtiter diluting and dispensing device is a mechanical device intended for medical purposes to dispense or serially dilute very small quantities of biological or chemical reagents for use in various diagnostic procedures.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 54 FR 25046, June 12, 1989; 66 FR 38791, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2540 Microbiological incubator.
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(a) Identification. A microbiological incubator is a device with various chambers or water-filled compartments in which controlled environmental conditions, particularly temperature, are maintained. It is intended for medical purposes to cultivate microorganisms and aid in the diagnosis of disease.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9. The device is also exempt from the good manufacturing practice requirements of the quality system regulation in part 820 of this chapter, with the exception of § 820.180, with respect to general requirements concerning records, and § 820.198, with respect to complaint files.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 66 FR 38791, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2560 Microbial growth monitor.
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(a) Identification. A microbial growth monitor is a device intended for medical purposes that measures the concentration of bacteria suspended in a liquid medium by measuring changes in light scattering properties, optical density, electrical impedance, or by making direct bacterial counts. The device aids in the diagnosis of disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms.
(b) Classification. Class I. With the exception of automated blood culturing system devices that are used in testing for bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in blood and other normally sterile body fluids, this device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 60 FR 38482, July 27, 1995]
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Sec. 866.2580 Gas-generating device.
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(a) Identification. A gas-generating device is a device intended for medical purposes that produces predetermined amounts of selected gases to be used in a closed chamber in order to establish suitable atmospheric conditions for cultivation of microorganisms with special atmospheric requirements. The device aids in the diagnosis of disease.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 54 FR 25046, June 12, 1989; 66 FR 38791, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2600 Wood's fluorescent lamp.
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(a) Identification. A Wood's fluorescent lamp is a device intended for medical purposes to detect fluorescent materials (e.g., fluorescein pigment produced by certain microorganisms) as an aid in the identification of these microorganisms. The device aids in the diagnosis of disease.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9. The device is also exempt from the good manufacturing practice requirements of the quality system regulation in part 820 of this chapter, with the exception of § 820.180, with respect to general requirements concerning records, and § 820.198, with respect to complaint files.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 66 FR 38791, July 25, 2001]
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Sec. 866.2660 Microorganism differentiation and identification device.
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(a) Identification. A microorganism differentiation and identification device is a device intended for medical purposes that consists of one or more components, such as differential culture media, biochemical reagents, and paper discs or paper strips impregnated with test reagents, that are usually contained in individual compartments and used to differentiate and identify selected microorganisms. The device aids in the diagnosis of disease.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to § 866.9.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 65 FR 2311, Jan. 14, 2000]
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Sec. 866.2680 Streptococcus spp. nucleic acid-based assay.
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(a) Identification. A Streptococcus spp. nucleic acid-based assay is a qualitative in vitro diagnostic device intended to simultaneously detect and identify various Streptococcus spp. nucleic acids extracted directly from clinical specimens. The device detects specific nucleic acid sequences for organism identification. The identification aids in the diagnosis of diseases caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Streptococcus and provides epidemiological information on these diseases. Pathogenic streptococci are associated with infections, such as sore throat, impetigo (an infection characterized by small pustules on the skin), urinary tract infections, rheumatic fever, and kidney disease.
(b) Classification. Class II (special controls). The special controls for this device are:
(1) Premarket notification submissions must include detailed device description documentation, including the device components, ancillary reagents required but not provided, and a detailed explanation of the methodology including primer/probe sequence, design, and rationale for sequence selection.
(2) Premarket notification submissions must include detailed documentation from the following analytical and clinical performance studies: Analytical sensitivity (Limit of Detection), reactivity, inclusivity, precision, reproducibility, interference, cross reactivity, carry-over, and cross contamination.
(3) Premarket notification submissions must include detailed documentation from a clinical study. The study, performed on a study population consistent with the intended use population, must compare the device performance to results obtained from well-accepted reference methods.
(4) Premarket notification submissions must include detailed documentation for device software, including, but not limited to, software applications and hardware-based devices that incorporate software.
(5) Premarket notification submissions must include database implementation methodology, construction parameters, and quality assurance protocols, as appropriate.
(6) The device labeling must include limitations regarding the need for culture confirmation of negative specimens, as appropriate.
(7) A detailed explanation of the interpretation of results and acceptance criteria must be included in the device's 21 CFR 809.10(b)(9) compliant labeling.
(8) Premarket notification submissions must include details on an end user device training program that will be offered while marketing the device, as appropriate.
[82 FR 50074, Oct. 30, 2017]
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Sec. 866.2850 Automated zone reader.
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(a) Identification. An automated zone reader is a mechanical device intended for medical purposes to measure zone diameters of microbial growth inhibition (or exhibition), such as those observed on the surface of certain culture media used in disc-agar diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility tests. The device aids in decisionmaking respecting the treatment of disease.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls).
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Sec. 866.2900 Microbiological specimen collection and transport device.
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(a) Identification. A microbiological specimen collection and transport device is a specimen collecting chamber intended for medical purposes to preserve the viability or integrity of microorganisms in specimens during storage of specimens after their collection and during their transport from the collecting area to the laboratory. The device may be labeled or otherwise represented as sterile. The device aids in the diagnosis of disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device, when solely intended for use in the collection of concentrated parasites from specimens and transport, is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 866.9.
[47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, as amended at 84 FR 71800, Dec. 30, 2019; 85 FR 18445, Apr. 2, 2020]
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Authority: 21 U.S.C. 351, 360, 360c, 360e, 360j, 360l, 371.
Source: 47 FR 50823, Nov. 9, 1982, unless otherwise noted.
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