Scientific Publications by FDA Staff

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014 Oct 18;454(1):84-8

Non-coding RNAs and heme oxygenase-1 in vaccinia virus infection.

Meseda CA, Srinivasan K, Wise J, Catalano J, Yamada KM, Dhawan S

Small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) are <200 nucleotide non-coding uridylate-rich RNAs. Although the functions of many snRNAs remain undetermined, a population of snRNAs is produced during the early phase of infection of cells by vaccinia virus. In the present study, we demonstrate a direct correlation between expression of the cytoprotective enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), suppression of selective snRNA expression, and inhibition of vaccinia virus infection of macrophages. Hemin induced HO-1 expression, completely reversed virus-induced host snRNA expression, and suppressed vaccinia virus infection. This involvement of specific virus-induced snRNAs and associated gene clusters suggests a novel HO-1-dependent host-defense pathway in poxvirus infection.