|
Date of Entry
|
Specialty Task Group Area
|
Recognition Number
|
Extent of Recognition
|
Standards Developing Organization
|
Standard Designation Number and Date
|
Standard Title (click for recognition information)
|
12/23/2016 |
Biocompatibility |
2-245 |
Complete |
ISO |
10993-5 Third edition 2009-06-01 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 5: Tests for in vitro cytotoxicity |
ANSI AAMI ISO |
10993-5:2009/(R)2014 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 5: Tests for in vitro cytotoxicity |
08/21/2017 |
Biocompatibility |
2-246 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F1877-16 |
Standard Practice for Characterization of Particles |
08/21/2017 |
Biocompatibility |
2-247 |
Complete |
ISO |
10993-6 Third edition 2016-12-01 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices -- Part 6: Tests for local effects after implantation |
08/21/2017 |
Biocompatibility |
2-248 |
Complete |
ISO |
10993-4 Third edition 2017-04 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices--Part 4: Selection of tests for interactions with blood |
ANSI AAMI ISO |
10993-4: 2017 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices--Part 4: Selection of tests for interactions with blood |
06/07/2018 |
Biocompatibility |
2-249 |
Complete |
ISO |
10993-16 Third edition 2017-05 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 16: Toxicokinetic study design for degradation products and leachables |
06/07/2018 |
Biocompatibility |
2-250 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F756-17 |
Standard Practice for Assessment of Hemolytic Properties of Materials |
09/17/2018 |
Biocompatibility |
2-255 |
Complete |
ISO |
10993-11 Third edition 2017-09 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 11: Tests for systemic toxicity |
ANSI AAMI ISO |
10993-11: 2017 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 11: Tests for systemic toxicity |
09/17/2018 |
Biocompatibility |
2-256 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F720-17 |
Standard Practice for Testing Guinea Pigs for Contact Allergens: Guinea Pig Maximization Test |
01/14/2019 |
Biocompatibility |
2-258 |
Partial |
ISO |
10993-1 Fifth edition 2018-08 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 1: Evaluation and testing within a risk management process |
ANSI AAMI ISO |
10993-1: 2018 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 1: Evaluation and testing within a risk management process |
07/15/2019 |
Biocompatibility |
2-263 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F1903-18 |
Standard Practice for Testing for Cellular Responses to Particles in vitro |
07/15/2019 |
Biocompatibility |
2-264 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F2148-18 |
Standard Practice for Evaluation of Delayed Contact Hypersensitivity Using the Murine Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA). |
07/15/2019 |
Biocompatibility |
2-265 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F2901-19 |
Standard Guide for Selecting Tests to Evaluate Potential Neurotoxicity of Medical Devices |
07/15/2019 |
Biocompatibility |
2-266 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F2382-18 |
Standard Test Method for Assessment of Circulating Blood-Contacting Medical Device Materials on Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT) |
07/15/2019 |
Biocompatibility |
2-267 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F2888-19 |
Standard Practice for Platelet Leukocyte Count - An In-Vitro Measure for Hemocompatibility Assessment of Cardiovascular Materials. |
07/15/2019 |
Biocompatibility |
2-268 |
Complete |
ISO |
TS 21726 First edition 2019-02 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Application of the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) for assessing biocompatibility of medical device constituents |
07/06/2020 |
Biocompatibility |
2-273 |
Complete |
ISO |
10993-9 Third edition 2019-11 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 9: Framework for identification and quantification of potential degradation products |
07/06/2020 |
Biocompatibility |
2-274 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F749-20 |
Standard Practice for Evaluating Material Extracts by Intracutaneous Injection in the Rabbit |
07/06/2020 |
Biocompatibility |
2-275 |
Complete |
ISO |
10993-7 Second edition 2008-10-15 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 7: Ethylene oxide sterilization residuals [Including: Technical Corrigendum 1 (2009), AMENDMENT 1: Applicability of allowable limits for neonates and infants (2019)] |
07/06/2020 |
Biocompatibility |
2-276 |
Partial |
ISO |
10993-18 Second edition 2020-01 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 18: Chemical characterization of medical device materials within a risk management process. |
12/21/2020 |
Biocompatibility |
2-277 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F813-20 |
Standard Practice for Direct Contact Cell Culture Evaluation of Materials for Medical Devices |
12/21/2020 |
Biocompatibility |
2-278 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F719-20 e1 |
Standard Practice for Testing Materials in Rabbits for Primary Skin Irritation |
12/21/2020 |
Biocompatibility |
2-279 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F750-20 |
Standard Practice for Evaluating Acute Systemic Toxicity of Material Extracts by Systemic Injection in the Mouse |
12/21/2020 |
Biocompatibility |
2-280 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F1408-20a |
Standard Practice for Subcutaneous Screening Test for Implant Materials |
12/21/2020 |
Biocompatibility |
2-281 |
Complete |
ISO |
TS 10993-19 Second edition 2020-03 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 19: Physico-chemical, morphological and topographical characterization of materials |
12/21/2020 |
Biocompatibility |
2-282 |
Complete |
ISO |
14155 Third edition 2020-07 |
Clinical investigation of medical devices for human subjects - Good clinical practice |
12/21/2020 |
Biocompatibility |
2-283 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F619-20 |
Standard Practice for Extraction of Materials Used in Medical Devices |
12/21/2020 |
Biocompatibility |
2-288 |
Partial |
ISO |
10993-15 Second edition 2019-11 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 15: Identification and quantification of degradation products from metals and alloys |
12/19/2022 |
Biocompatibility |
2-289 |
Complete |
ISO |
10993-12 Fifth edition 2021-01 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 12: Sample preparation and reference materials |
06/07/2021 |
Biocompatibility |
2-290 |
Partial |
ISO |
TS 37137-1 First edition 2021-03 |
Biological evaluation of absorbable medical devices - Part 1: General requirements. |
06/07/2021 |
Biocompatibility |
2-291 |
Partial |
ISO |
10993-23 First edition 2021-01 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 23: Tests for irritation |
12/20/2021 |
Biocompatibility |
2-292 |
Complete |
USP-NF |
M98833_01_01 |
<87> Biological Reactivity Test, In Vitro - Direct Contact Test |
12/20/2021 |
Biocompatibility |
2-293 |
Complete |
USP-NF |
M98833_01_01 |
<87> Biological Reactivity Test, In Vitro - Elution Test |
12/20/2021 |
Biocompatibility |
2-294 |
Partial |
USP-NF |
M98834_01_01 |
<88> Biological Reactivity Tests, In Vivo |
12/20/2021 |
Biocompatibility |
2-295 |
Partial |
USP-NF |
M98900_01_01 |
<151> Pyrogen Test (USP Rabbit Test) |
12/19/2022 |
Biocompatibility |
2-296 |
Partial |
ISO |
10993-10 Fourth edition 2021-11 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 10: Tests for skin sensitization |
12/19/2022 |
Biocompatibility |
2-297 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F763-22 |
Standard Practice for Short-Term Intramuscular Screening of Implantable Medical Device Materials |
12/19/2022 |
Biocompatibility |
2-298 |
Partial |
ISO |
10993-18 Second edition 2020-01 Amendment 1 2022-05 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 18: Chemical characterization of medical device materials within a risk management process [Including Amendment 1 (2022)]. |
05/29/2023 |
Biocompatibility |
2-299 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F1904-23 |
Standard Guide for Testing the Biological Responses to Medical Device Particulate Debris and Degradation Products in vivo |
05/29/2023 |
Biocompatibility |
2-300 |
Complete |
ISO |
10993-2 Third edition 2022-11 |
Biological Evaluation of medical devices - Part 2: Animal welfare requirements |
05/29/2023 |
Biocompatibility |
2-301 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F1983-23 |
Standard Practice for Assessment of Selected Tissue Effects of Absorbable Biomaterials for Implant Applications |
12/18/2023 |
Biocompatibility |
2-302 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F981-23 |
Standard Practice for Assessment of Muscle and Bone Tissue Responses to Long-Term Implantable Materials Used in Medical Devices |
12/18/2023 |
Biocompatibility |
2-303 |
Partial |
ISO |
10993-17 Second edition 2023-09 |
Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 17: Toxicological risk assessment of medical device constituents |
12/23/2024 |
Biocompatibility |
2-304 |
Partial |
ASTM |
F2382-24 |
Standard Test Method for Assessment of Circulating Blood-Contacting Medical Device Materials on Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT) |
01/14/2019 |
Cardiovascular |
3-44 |
Complete |
ANSI AAMI |
BP22:1994 (R2016) |
Blood pressure transducers |
01/14/2019 |
Cardiovascular |
3-52 |
Partial |
ANSI AAMI |
EC12:2000/(R)2015 |
Disposable ECG electrodes |
01/30/2014 |
Cardiovascular |
3-54 |
Complete |
ANSI AAMI ISO |
7198:2016 |
Cardiovascular implants and extracorporeal systems - Vascular prostheses - Tubular vascular grafts and vascular patches |
01/30/2014 |
Cardiovascular |
3-63 |
Complete |
ISO |
11318:2002 |
Cardiac Defibrillators -- Connector assembly DF-1 for implantable defibrillators - Dimensions and test requirements. |
01/14/2019 |
Cardiovascular |
3-66 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F2081-06 (Reapproved 2017) |
Standard Guide for Characterization and Presentation of the Dimensional Attributes of Vascular Stents |
01/14/2019 |
Cardiovascular |
3-79 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F2079-09 (Reapproved 2017) |
Standard Test Method for Measuring Intrinsic Elastic Recoil of Balloon-Expandable Stents |
01/14/2019 |
Cardiovascular |
3-86 |
Partial |
ASTM |
F2394-07 (Reapproved 2017) |
Standard Guide for Measuring Securement of Balloon Expandable Vascular Stent Mounted on Delivery System |
08/06/2013 |
Cardiovascular |
3-87 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F2477-07 (Reapproved 2013) |
Standard Test Methods for in vitro Pulsatile Durability |
01/25/2013 |
Cardiovascular |
3-89 |
Complete |
ISO |
27186 First edition 2010-03-15 |
Active implantable medical devices - Four-pole connector system for implantable cardiac rhythm management devices - Dimensional and test requirements |
ANSI AAMI ISO |
27186:2010 |
Active implantable medical devices - Four-pole connector system for implantable cardiac rhythm management devices - Dimensional and test requirements |
03/16/2012 |
Cardiovascular |
3-96 |
Complete |
ISO |
81060-1 First edition 2007-12-01 |
Non-invasive sphygmomanometers - Part 1: Requirements and test methods for non-automated measurement type |
ANSI AAMI ISO |
81060-1:2007/(R)2013 |
Non-invasive sphygmomanometers - Part 1: Requirements and test methods for non-automated measurement type |
08/20/2012 |
Cardiovascular |
3-102 |
Complete |
IEC |
60601-2-31 Edition 2.1 2011-09 |
Medical electrical equipment, Part 2-31: Particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of external cardiac pacemakers with internal power source |
08/20/2012 |
Cardiovascular |
3-103 |
Complete |
ISO |
25539-3 First edition 2011-12-01 |
Cardiovascular implants - Endovascular devices - Part 3: Vena cava filters |
ANSI AAMI ISO |
25539-3:2011 |
Cardiovascular implants - Endovascular devices - Part 3: Vena cava filters |
08/20/2012 |
Cardiovascular |
3-104 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F2914-12 (Reapproved 2018) |
Standard Guide for Identification of Shelf-life Test Attributes for Endovascular Devices |
12/18/2023 |
Cardiovascular |
3-105 |
Partial |
IEC |
60601-2-25 Edition 2.0 2011-10 |
Medical electrical equipment - Part 2-25: Particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of electrocardiographs |
ANSI AAMI IEC |
60601-2-25:2011/(R)2016 |
Medical electrical equipment - Part 2-25: Particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of electrocardiographs |
09/17/2018 |
Cardiovascular |
3-110 |
Complete |
AAMI |
TIR 41:2011/(R)2017 |
Technical Information Report Active implantable medical devices - Guidance for designation of left ventricle and implantable cardioverter defibrillator lead connectors and pulse generator connector cavities for implantable pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators |
08/06/2013 |
Cardiovascular |
3-115 |
Complete |
IEC |
60601-2-34 Edition 3.0 2011-05 |
Medical electrical equipment - Part 2-34: Particular requirements for the basic safety, including essential performance, of invasive blood pressure monitoring equipment |
01/30/2014 |
Cardiovascular |
3-118 |
Complete |
ANSI AAMI |
EC57:2012 |
Testing and reporting performance results of cardiac rhythm and ST-segment measurement algorithms |
07/06/2020 |
Cardiovascular |
3-123 |
Partial |
IEC |
80601-2-30: Edition 2.0 2018-03 |
Medical electrical equipment - Part 2-30: Particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of automated non-invasive sphygmomanometers |
ANSI AAMI IEC |
80601-2-30:2018 |
Medical electrical equipment - Part 2-30: Particular requirements for basic safety and essential performance of automated type non-invasive sphygmomanometers |
04/04/2016 |
Cardiovascular |
3-125 |
Complete |
ISO |
5841-3 Third edition 2013-04-15 |
Implants for surgery - Cardiac pacemakers - Part 3: Low-profile connectors [IS-I] for implantable pacemakers |
12/18/2023 |
Cardiovascular |
3-126 |
Partial |
IEC |
60601-2-27 Edition 3.0 2011-03 |
Medical electrical equipment - Part 2-27: Particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of electrocardiographic monitoring equipment [Including: Corrigendum 1 (2012)] |
ANSI AAMI IEC |
60601-2-27:2011(R)2016 |
Medical electrical equipment - Part 2-27: Particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of electrocardiographic monitoring equipment |
06/07/2021 |
Cardiovascular |
3-129 |
Partial |
ANSI AAMI |
EC53:2013/(R)2020 |
ECG trunk cables and patient leadwires |
06/15/2016 |
Cardiovascular |
3-132 |
Complete |
ISO |
27185 First edition 2012-02-15 |
Cardiac Rhythm Management Devices - Symbols to be Used With Cardiac Rhythm Management Device Labels, and Information to be Supplied - General Requirements |
ANSI AAMI ISO |
27185:2012 |
Cardiac Rhythm Management Devices -- Symbols to be Used With Cardiac Rhythm Managment Device Labels, and Information to be Supplied -- General Requirements |
01/14/2019 |
Cardiovascular |
3-138 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F2942-13 |
Standard Guide for the In Vitro Axial, Bending, and Rotational Durability Test of Vascular Stents |
06/27/2016 |
Cardiovascular |
3-143 |
Complete |
ISO |
12417-1 First edition 2015-10-01 |
Cardiovascular implants and extracorporeal systems - Vascular device-drug combination products - Part 1: General requirements |
12/23/2016 |
Cardiovascular |
3-144 |
Complete |
ISO |
7198 Second edition 2016-08-01 |
Cardiovascular implants and extracorporeal systems - Vascular prostheses - Tubular vascular grafts and vascular patches |
ANSI AAMI ISO |
7198:2016 |
Cardiovascular implants and extracorporeal systems - Vascular prostheses - Tubular vascular grafts and vascular patches |
08/21/2017 |
Cardiovascular |
3-149 |
Complete |
ISO |
25539-1 Second edition 2017-02 |
Cardiovascular implants - Endovascular devices - Part 1: Endovascular prostheses |
ANSI AAMI ISO |
25539-1:2017 |
Cardiovascular implants - Endovascular devices - Part 1: Endovascular prostheses |
06/07/2018 |
Cardiovascular |
3-150 |
Complete |
ISO |
7199 Third edition 2016-11-15 |
Cardiovascular implants and artificial organs - Blood-gas exchangers (oxygenators) |
ANSI AAMI ISO |
7199:2016 |
Cardiovascular implants and artificial organs - Blood-gas exchangers (oxygenators). |
09/17/2018 |
Cardiovascular |
3-153 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F2743-11 |
Standard Guide for Coating Inspection and Acute Particulate Characterization of Coated Drug-Eluting Vascular Stent Systems |
09/17/2018 |
Cardiovascular |
3-154 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F3211-17 |
Standard Guide for Fatigue-to-Fracture (FtF) Methodology for Cardiovascular Medical Devices |
07/06/2020 |
Cardiovascular |
3-155 |
Complete |
IEC |
60601-2-47 Edition 2.0 2012-02 |
Medical electrical equipment - Part 2-47: Particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performanceof ambulatory electrocardiographic systems |
ANSI AAMI IEC |
60601-2-47:2012/(R)2016 |
Medical electrical equipment -- Part 2-47: Particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of ambulatory electrocardiographic systems |
09/17/2018 |
Cardiovascular |
3-156 |
Complete |
ISO |
14708-1 Second edition 2014-08-15 |
Implants for surgery -- Active implantable medical devices -- Part 1: General requirements for safety, marking and for information to be provided by the manufacturer |
ANSI AAMI ISO |
14708-1:2014 |
Implants for surgery - Active implantable medical devices - Part 1: General requirements for safety, marking and for information to be provided by the manufacturer |
01/14/2019 |
Cardiovascular |
3-157 |
Complete |
ANSI AAMI ISO |
25539-1:2017 |
Cardiovascular implants - Endovascular devices - Part 1: Endovascular prostheses |
01/14/2019 |
Cardiovascular |
3-158 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F3320-18 |
Standard Guide forCoating Characterization of Drug Coated Balloons |
01/14/2019 |
Cardiovascular |
3-159 |
Partial |
ISO |
5910 First edition 2018-06 |
Cardiovascular implants and extracorporeal systems - Cardiac valve repair devices |
12/23/2019 |
Cardiovascular |
3-161 |
Complete |
ISO |
14117 Second edition 2019-09 |
Active implantable medical devices - Electromagnetic compatibility - EMC test protocols for implantable cardiac pacemakers, implantable cardioverter defibrillators and cardiac resynchronization devices. |
12/23/2019 |
Cardiovascular |
3-162 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F3374-19 |
Standard Guide for Active Fixation Durability of Endovascular Prostheses |
12/23/2019 |
Cardiovascular |
3-163 |
Partial |
ISO |
18242 First edition 2016-09-01 |
Cardiovascular implants and extracorporeal systems - Centrifugal blood pumps |
07/06/2020 |
Cardiovascular |
3-164 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F1830-19 (Reapproved 2024) |
Standard Practice for Collection and Preparation of Blood for Dynamic In Vitro Evaluation of Hemolysis in Blood Pumps |
07/06/2020 |
Cardiovascular |
3-165 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F1841-19 |
Standard Practice for Assessment of Hemolysis in Continuous Flow Blood Pumps |
06/07/2021 |
Cardiovascular |
3-166 |
Partial |
ISO |
81060-2 Third edition 2018-11 [Including AMD1:2020] |
Non-invasive sphygmomanometers - Part 2: Clinical investigation of intermittent automated measurement type [Including: Amendment 1 (2020)] |
07/06/2020 |
Cardiovascular |
3-167 |
Complete |
ISO |
TS 81060-5 First edition 2020-02 |
Non-invasive sphygmomanometers - Part 5: Requirements for the repeatability and reproducibility of NIBP simulators for testing of automated non-invasive sphygmomanometers |
06/07/2021 |
Cardiovascular |
3-168 |
Partial |
IEEE |
Std 1708-2014 |
Standard for Wearable, Cuffless Blood Pressure Measuring Devices [Including: Amendment 1 (2019)] |
12/21/2020 |
Cardiovascular |
3-169 |
Partial |
IEC |
60601-2-4 Edition 3.1 2018-02 CONSOLIDATED VERSION |
Medical electrical equipment - Part 2-4: Particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of cardiac defibrillators |
ANSI AAMI IEC |
60601-2-4:2010/A1:2018 (Consolidated Text) |
Medical electrical equipment Part 2-4: Particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of cardiac defibrillators, including Amendment 1 |
06/07/2021 |
Cardiovascular |
3-170 |
Complete |
ISO |
14708-5 Second edition 2020-05 |
Implants for surgery - Active implantable medical devices - Part 5: Circulatory support devices |
12/20/2021 |
Cardiovascular |
3-171 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F2514-21 |
Standard Guide for Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of Metallic Vascular Stents Subjected to Uniform Radial Loading |
12/20/2021 |
Cardiovascular |
3-172 |
Complete |
AAMI |
TIR42:2021 |
Evaluation of Particulates Associated with Vascular Medical Devices |
12/20/2021 |
Cardiovascular |
3-173 |
Complete |
ISO |
5840-3 Second edition 2021-01 |
Cardiovascular implants - Cardiac valve prostheses - Part 3: Heart valve substitutes implanted by transcatheter techniques |
12/20/2021 |
Cardiovascular |
3-174 |
Partial |
ISO |
5840-1 Second edition 2021-01 |
Cardiovascular implants - Cardiac valve prostheses - Part 1: General requirements |
12/20/2021 |
Cardiovascular |
3-175 |
Complete |
ISO |
5840-2 Second edition 2021-01 |
Cardiovascular implants - Cardiac valve prostheses - Part 2: Surgically implanted heart valve substitutes |
12/20/2021 |
Cardiovascular |
3-176 |
Complete |
ISO |
18193 First edition 2021-08 |
Cardiovascular implants and artificial organs - Cannulae for extracorporeal circulation |
12/20/2021 |
Cardiovascular |
3-177 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F2606-08 (Reapproved 2021) |
Standard Guide for Three-Point Bending of Balloon-Expandable Vascular Stents and Stent Systems |
12/20/2021 |
Cardiovascular |
3-178 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F3067-14 (Reapproved 2021) |
Standard Guide for Radial Loading of Balloon-Expandable and Self-Expanding Vascular Stents |
12/20/2021 |
Cardiovascular |
3-179 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F3172-15 (Reapproved 2021) |
Standard Guide for Design Verification Device Size and Sample Size Selection for Endovascular Devices |
12/20/2021 |
Cardiovascular |
3-180 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F3505-21 |
Standard Test Method for Stent and Endovascular Prosthesis Kink Resistance |
05/30/2022 |
Cardiovascular |
3-181 |
Complete |
ISO |
25539-2 Third edition 2020-09 |
Cardiovascular implants - Endovascular devices - Part 2: Vascular stents |
05/30/2022 |
Cardiovascular |
3-182 |
Complete |
ASTM |
F3036-21 |
Standard Guide for Testing Absorbable Stents |
12/19/2022 |
Cardiovascular |
3-183 |
Complete |
ISO |
11658 First edition 2012-05-15 |
Cardiovascular implants and extracorporeal systems - Blood/tissue contact surface modifications for extracorporeal perfusion systems |
ANSI AAMI ISO |
11658: 2012 |
Cardiovascular implants and extracorporeal systems - Blood/tissue contact surface modifications for extracorporeal perfusion systems |