A case study titled ¿optimizing outcomes in refractory childhood epilepsy with vns therapy¿ was presented which included a vns patient who was experiencing painful stimulation and choking sensations months following vns implant surgery.The patient¿s device settings were very low and not high enough to perform system diagnostics.In (b)(6) 2013, an evoked potential test was performed but no abnormalities were observed.The patient underwent generator and lead replacement surgery on (b)(6) 2014.During the procedure, the surgeon noted that the vagus nerve was located more anteromedial to the common carotid arteries than expected possibly due to the large amount of fibrosis.The surgeon did not observe any issues with the patient¿s lead but noted that the electrodes were implanted more proximal to the nerve.The patient¿s physicians determined that the patient¿s issues were due to the electrodes being implanted too high and the nerve being superficial to the larynx.It was noted that the patient had been doing well with vns following the procedure.
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