(b)(4).The customer returned one guide wire for evaluation.The catheter was not returned.The guide wire was separated and showed evidence of use.Visual examination revealed the guide wire is separated from the proximal weld and is kinked/distorted in several locations along the body.The guide wire body contains one severe kink at the center of the guide wire where the proximal coil wire has separated from the remaining spring coil.The separated proximal coil wire was returned and does not show significant unraveling.Microscopic examination of the guide wire confirmed the core wire was broken adjacent to the proximal weld and that the weld was present at the end of the coil wire.The exposed proximal core wire tip is tapered and discolored at the point of separation.The distal j-bend of the guide wire was kinked but intact.Both welds appeared full and spherical.Visual inspection of the catheter could not be performed as the catheter was not returned.The major kinks in the guide wire body were measured at 2.5, 23.4, 39.1 and 39.5cm from distal weld.The separated coil wire measured 20.8cm in length.The core wire overall length could not be accurately measured due to the severe kink in the guide wire body.The approximate overall length of the core wire was found to be within specification.Other remarks: the outside diameter (od) of the guide wire was also found to be within specification.A manual tug test confirmed that the distal weld was intact.A device history record review was performed on the guide wire and the catheter and no relevant manufacturing issues were identified.The instructions-for-use provided with this kit describes suggested techniques to minimize the likelihood of guide wire damage during use.The ifu states that if resistance is encountered when attempting to remove the spring wire guide after catheter placement, the spring wire guide may be kinked about the tip of the catheter within the vessel.In this circumstance, withdraw the catheter relative to the spring wire guide about 2-3 cm and attempt to remove the spring wire guide.If resistance is again encountered, remove the spring wire guide and catheter simultaneously.The report that the guide wire was damaged was confirmed through examination of the returned sample.The core wire was broken adjacent to the proximal weld and the proximal coil wire was separated from the guide wire body.No manufacturing defects were found during this investigation.Arrow guide wires of this size are designed and manufactured to withstand a tensile force of 2.75 pounds force.This internal specification is higher than the bs en iso 11070:1999 standard of 2.2 pounds force for this size wire.The selected insertion site and patient anatomy may present a tortuous path that could contribute to the possibility of guide wire kinking.Guide wire breakage may occur if a force greater than the design specification is applied during removal.Based on these circumstances, it was determined that operational context likely contributed to this event, however, the probable cause of guide wire and catheter resistance could not be determined based upon the information provided and without the catheter being returned.
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