Investigation: first we performed a visual inspection of the valve.No significant deformations or damage of the valve was detected during the visual inspection.Next we tested the permeability of the valve.The valve was shown to have a blockage.To test the opening pressure we would normally carry out a computer controlled test.However, because the valve is not permeable, a computer controlled test was not possible.Finally, we have dismantled the valve.Inside the valve we have found a build-up of substances (likely protein).Based on our investigation, we confirm the presence of occlusion in the valve, likely due to the deposits observed inside the valve.As described in our literature, the problem is encountered is one of the known, inevitable risks of hc-therapy by shunt implants.
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