Investigation.Visual inspection: scratches on the outer housing of the valves were observed through the visual inspection.No significant deformations or damage were detected.Permeability test: a permeability test has indicated that the progav 2.0 valve has a blockage and that the shunt assistant 2.0 is permeable.Adjustment test: the progav 2.0 valve was tested and is adjustable to all specified pressures.Braking force and brake function test: the brake functionality test has shown that the brake function is fully operational and the braking force is within the given tolerances.Computer controlled test: to investigate the claim of under-drainage, the opening pressure is measured using a miethke computer controlled testing apparatus which simulates a cerebrospinal fluid flow.Because the progav 2.0 valve is not permeable, a computer controlled test was not possible.The shunt assistant 2.0 operates within the accepted tolerance.Results: first we performed a visual inspection of the progav 2.0 shunt system.No significant deformations or damage of the valves were detected during the visual inspection.Next we tested the permeability and opening pressure of the valves.The progav 2.0 valve was not permeable, therefore the claim of under-drainage could be confirmed.The shunt assistant 2.0 was permeable and operating within specifications.Additionally, we tested the adjustability as well as the brake functionality and brake force of the progav 2.0 valve.The valve operated as expected and met all specifications.Finally, we have dismantled the valves.Inside the progav 2.0 we have found slight build-up of substances (likely protein) inside the shunt assistant 2.0 we have found no visible deposits.Based on our investigation, we confirm that the shunt system was operating in an under-drainage state at the time of our investigation, because of the blockage of the progav 2.0.This is likely due to the deposits observed inside the progav 2.0.As described in scientific literature, the problem encountered is one of the known, inevitable risks of hc-therapy by shunt implants.We can exclude a defect at the time of release.The shunt system met all specifications of the final inspection when released from christoph miethke gmbh & co.Kg.
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