Investigation: visual inspection: no significant deformations or damage of the valves were detected during the visual inspection.Permeability test: a permeability test has shown that both valves are permeable.Adjustment test: the progav 2.0 valve was tested and is adjustable to all specified pressures.Braking force and brake function test: the brake functionality test has shown that the brake function is fully operational and the braking force is within the given tolerances.Computer controlled test: to investigate the claim of over/under-drainage, the opening pressure is measured using a miethke computer controlled testing apparatus, which simulates a cerebrospinal fluid flow.Because the progav 2.0 valve is not permeable, a computer-controlled test was not possible.The shunt assistant operates within the accepted tolerance.Results: first, we performed a visual inspection of the progav 2.0 shunt system.No significant deformations or damage of the valves were detected during the visual inspection.Next, we tested the permeability and opening pressure of the valves.Both valves were shown to be permeable and their opening pressures were operating within specifications.The opening pressure of the progav 2.0 was significantly higher than expected, indicating a tendency towards under-drainage.Additionally, we tested the adjustability as well as the brake functionality and brake force of the progav 2.0 valve.The valve operated as expected and met all specifications.Finally, we have dismantled the valves.Inside both valves we have found slight build-up of substances (likely protein).Based on our investigation, we confirm that the valve was operating in an under-drainage state at the time of our investigation.This is likely due to the deposits observed inside the valves.As described in our literature, the problem encountered is one of the known, inevitable risks of hc-therapy by shunt implants.We can exclude a defect at the time of release.The shunt system met all specifications of the final inspection when released from christoph miethke gmbh & co.Kg.
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