A lead extraction procedure commenced to remove a right ventricular (rv) and a right atrial (ra) lead due to malfunction/lead fracture.Spectranetics lead locking devices (lld''s) were placed in each lead to act as traction during the extraction procedure.Using a spectranetics 14f glidelight laser sheath along with traction from the lld and attempting extraction of the rv lead, he was able to advance to the mid innominate region and progress stalled.He then switched efforts to extract the ra lead and made steady progress to approximately the same region in the innominate, when the patient''s blood pressures dropped down steadily.An effusion and tamponade were detected via transesophageal echocardiography (tee).Rescue efforts commenced immediately including rescue balloon, chest compressions and a sub-sternal pericardial window.The pericardium was drained via this window; the tamponade was resolved and the blood pressure came back to normal.After the patient had remained stable for several minutes, it was decided to resume the procedure using a 16f glidelight along with traction from the lld.Concentrating effort on the rv lead, this lead was successfully removed with very little effort.Again focusing on removal of the ra lead using the same devices, it was noted that when traction was placed on the ra lead and while the glidelight device was in the subclavian vein, the patient''s blood pressure again dropped significantly and tamponade was noted.Rescue efforts began again including rescue balloon; the pericardial drain was repositioned which resolved the tamponade and the patient's blood pressure came back up to an acceptable level.The patient was monitored, with blood pressures staying at an acceptable level.It was decided to abandon this ra lead.The ra lead and the lld present within the lead were cut, capped, and remained within the patient's body.It was reported that the physician did not attempt to unlock the lld prior to cutting and capping the ra lead/lld.Although the exact location of injury was not confirmed, it was reported that the physician was attempting extraction of the ra lead at the time both effusions occurred, traction was being applied prior to the discovery of each effusion, the glidelight device was reported to have only been in the innominate or subclavian regions - and with each effusion that was discovered, pericardial drainage resolved the resulting tamponades.
|