H4.07/14/2021.H6.Investigation findings: 3252.Investigation conclusion: 61.H10.Additional information was received indicating the patient's bone was very hard.The surgeon inserted the 5.5mm tap over the k-wire per the surgical technique guide.Upon reaching the posterior cortex, the tip of the tap broke into 3 pieces, 2 of which had to be retrieved from the patient pedicle.It took about 20 minutes to retrieve.The patient reported feeling fine postoperatively.Device evaluation: taps may be used during pedicle preparation to facilitate screw insertion.The cannulation of the tap (through hole) is slid over the guidewire after the site has been dilated to the appropriate diameter.The bone is then tapped to the desired depth.Taps come in 4.5 mm, 5.5mm, 6.5 mm & 7.5 mm and are color coded by diameter.A review of the device history record did not identify any manufacturing or processing-related irregularities.They were found to be properly manufactured and released in accordance with design specifications.Instrument with qir and material certifications present and passing.Inspection of the id confirms in spec dimension of ø2.07mm which falls within required tolerance band of ø2.1mm ± 0.05mm.A hardness of rc 53.4 was tested which is also compliant with the rc 47 minimum requirement of 465 stainless steel.Visual inspection confirms tip of tap is broken.The break is angled, ununiform and jagged.Broken pieces not returned with instrument.No other observable signs of damage on remainder of instrument other than cosmetic scratches.Taps which fail due to purely torsional loads will experience distal twisting and/or shear fracture, typically proximal of the threads at the smaller od of the instrument.The fragmentation and angle of this tap fracture can only be achieved with large torsional loads accompanied by large bending loads.The surgeon likely had difficulty driving the tap through hard, cortical bone and as consequence, began to bend the instrument in effort to drive deeper into the bone.
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