The following information was obtained from a journal article.Spinal cord ischemia after thoracic stent-grafting: causes apart from intercostal artery coverage.Burkhart zipfel, semih buz, mathias redlin, dietrich hullmeine, robert hammerschmidt, and roland hetzer.Ann thorac surg 2013;96:31¿8 the following adverse events were observed: death, stroke, hypertension.No further information is available for this event.Methods: in an 11-year period,stent-grafts were implanted in 406 patients for various aortic pathologic conditions.The mean age was 63 years (15-91 years) and 300 (74%) patients were men; 58 patients underwent staged thoracic stent-graft procedures.The length of aorta covered was between 75 and 584 mm (mean, 204 mm).Thoracoabdominal branched or fenestrated stent-grafts were implanted in 11 patients.The left subclavianartery was occluded in 161 patients (39%); this occurred in half of them (n = 78) after protective revascularization.Prophylactic cerebrospinal fluid (csf) drainage was used selectively in 4 cases; no neuromonitoring was used.Results: the incidence of sci was 2.7% (n = 11); 6 patients (1.5%) had major permanent deficits.Conditions that had a potential influence on sci were analyzed.Statistical correlation was found for previous conventional or endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (odds ratio [or], 4.8), coverage of the entire descending thoracic aorta (or, 3.6), and implantation of thoracoabdominal branched and fenestrated stent-grafts (or, 9.5).Individual analyses revealed other conditions that might have played a role, such as embolization into the segmental arteries, severe visceral ischemia, profound hemorrhagic shock, and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.Conclusions: the incidence of sci is unexpectedly low despite extensive sacrifice of intercostal arteries.Extended coverage of the thoracic and thoracoabdominal aorta seems to have a higher risk, but other factors may contribute to the individual disaster.
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Date of death is unknown.(b)(4).Results: death, stroke, hypertension.Unknown cause of events.Conclusion: unknown cause of events.Death, stroke, hypertension.
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