The following information was obtained from a 2016 literature article titled, "the ability of percutaneous closure of ventricle-pulmonary connections in the setting of cavopulmonary shunt or after the fontan procedure: our experience." the aim of this study was to study the utility of occluder devices in ventricle pulmonary connections.Material and methods: 5 patients, in the age group 2-19 yrs, were treated percutaneously with occluder devices for ventricle-pulmonary connections.Different types of occluder devices were used: 1 cp cover stent, 1 amplatzer muscular vsd occluder (muscvsd), 2 amplatzer duct occluder ii (adoii), and 1 amplatzer septal occluder (aso).Results: procedural success, with no residual shunt, was achieved in all patients.Although in one case there was a need for implantation of an additional stent and in another case a muscvsd was retrieved and deployed adoii due to its unsatisfactory position.Complications: two patients had thrombus formation in pulmonary trunk proximally to the device.In one case thrombus formation was detected immediately after the procedure and it resolved with warfarin therapy without complications.Second patient, who was lost in follow up for 10 months, was admitted to the hospital with thrombus and cerebral stroke.Summary: percutaneous closure of ventricle-pulmonary connections is technically possible.This intervention should be considered in patients with cavopulmonary shunt or fontan circulation with elevated mpap and volume overload of systematic ventricle.The use of appropriate anticoagulation is crucial for success.
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