The set screw bottom surface is the surface that interacts with the rod to create a stable construct, therefore the wear pattern on these surface were inspected.The expected contact surface between set screw and rod after fully tightened results in two inline marks on the set screw.The explant set screws displayed a "starburst" wear pattern on the bottom surface of the set screw which is indicative of motion between rod and screw.One of the set screws displayed a more "random" wear pattern, but some of the "starburst" pattern as well indicating motion.The set screws had no significant wear or shear/deformation of the threads.No significant wear or deformation was visible on the screw bodies.Therefore, the set screw disengagement may be attributed to a non-normalized rod which caused repeated motion at the rod-screw interface resulting in set screw back out.
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