Medtronic received information via literature regarding the efficacy of alternative methods to the homograft valve for right ventricular outflow tract (rvot) reconstruction during the ross procedure.All data were collected from a single center between march 1997 and april 2005.The study population included 16 patients (predominantly male; mean age 18 years), 14 of which were implanted with medtronic freestyle bioprosthetic valves (no serial numbers provided).Among all patients, 2 deaths occurred due to: severe pneumonia at 6 months post implant and unknown causes at 3 years post implant.It was reported that the freestyle valves in both patients were ¿functioning normally at postoperative control echocardiography.¿ based on the available information, medtronic product was not directly associated with the deaths.Among all patients, adverse events included: valve explant and replacement due to pulmonary stenosis and increased peak gradient of 60 mmhg at 4 years post implant (one (b)(6)-year-old freestyle patient), elevated gradients, and mild regurgitation.Based on the available information, medtronic product may have been associated with the adverse events.No additional adverse patient effects or product performance issues were reported.
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