According to the literature source of study, a retrospective review of seven catheter-related right atrial thrombosis (crat) cases observed in hemodialysis (hd) patients treated with a conservative approach, based on systematic anticoagulation (vitamin k antagonists (vka's)) combined with a urokinase locking solution because of its possible thrombolysis effect.Seven consecutive cases of crat were diagnosed in the time period january 2016 to october 2019 in five patients hospitalized due to catheter-related problems.All the patients bore the mahurkar¿13.5-fr silicone cuffed catheter 36 cm (19- cm cuff-to-tip with two side holes in the venous tract of the tip), arterial priming 1.4 ml, venous priming 1.5 ml.All the tunneled central venous catheters (tcvcs) had been placed into the mid to deep right atrium via the right internal jugular vein by ultrasound assisted technique.The damage of the atrial wall due to the sustained high flows during the hd session and the low pressure in the atrium can increase the prothrombotic status.Clinical presentations were fever/sepsis, superior vena cava (svc) syndrome, and catheter dysfunction.An initial reduction of the thrombus size, on average 30% of the initial surface area, was already observed after 10 days, and a complete disappearance was obtained in all patients after 1 month.There were 2 recurrences of crat 12 and 7 months after the primary treatment.Two recurrences were observed in the follow-up period: the first one in a patient with a previous kidney transplant, and the second one in a patient with a history of vasculitis.In recurrences, a svc syndrome and fever led to discovery of crat; the patients were treated successfully by repeating the same treatment, without further relapses or complications.Article : how to manage catheter-related right atrial thrombosis: our conservative approach authors : rossi l., covella b., libutti p., teutonico a., casucci f., lomonte c.
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