The following was published in the egyptian heart journal (2022) titled ¿unguided temporary pacing via jugular/ subclavian vein in an emergency department of a high-volume tertiary care hospital of india: its safety, efcacy, and practicability¿ 74:33 https://doi.Org/10.1186/s43044-022-00271-z, najeeb ullah, md.A total of 1093 patients were enrolled in a study.Temporary pacing is usually performed by cardiologists under fluoroscopic, echocardiographic, or ecg guidance.However, in the developing world, there are inadequate number of cardiologists, and c-arm, catheterization laboratories, or echocardiography are not available at primary or secondary healthcare facilities.In addition, in emergencies option of fluoroscopy and echocardiography is limited.So these patients are transferred to a facility where cardiologists and these facilities are available.Crucial time is lost in transit, which leads to increased mortality.In this study, we aimed to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and practicability of unguided temporary pacemaker insertion.A right ijv perforation occurred due to a temporary pacing lead in a patient who had developed right subclavian and brachiocephalic vein stenosis after permanent pacemaker implantation was done 9 years back (fig.2).In this patient, temporary pacing could not be achieved by jugular or subclavian vein, so a femoral vein approach was required.Subclavian and brachiocephalic vein stenosis has been reported after indwelling devices such as central venous catheters, pacemaker or defibrillator leads, and hemodialysis catheters [6¿8].Venous obstruction has been attributed to thrombus formation or fibrosis caused due to chronic irritation of the endothelium.
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