The icd was not returned for analysis.The analysis is therefore based on the inspection of the quality documents associated with the manufacture of this particular device as well as on the returned device data.The manufacturing process for this device was re-investigated.All production steps had been performed accordingly.There was no sign of any inconsistency during the manufacturing process which might be related to the clinical observation.The returned device data have been analyzed.A paced rhythm at the upper tracking rate that was programmed to 150 bpm was confirmed on the screenshot available for analysis.Furthermore an av- delay significantly shorter than 200 ms was noted.In a next step a similar demo device was bench tested in the laboratory and exhaustive attempts to reproduce the failure condition were undertaken.Under normal and expected operating conditions it was not possible to reproduce the clinical observation.However, due to the observed shortened av delay below the programmed parameters, an inconsistent memory content was deliberately introduced in the memory area storing the executed av-delay in the laboratory.In combination with the programmed parameters, particularly upper tracking interval, the post ventricular atrial refractory period, a rate at the maximum sensor rate and a certain sequence of sensed events in both channels, the device delivered a pacing sequence that matched the clinical observation, limited by the programmed upper tracking rate.In conclusion, a definite root cause determination was not possible.Under normal device operation the failure condition was not reproducible despite exhaustive attempts.Only after deliberate introduction of an inconsistent memory content in the laboratory, the device behavior was reproducible under certain constraints.Due to the reproducibility of the clinical observation it is reasonable to assume that the root cause is an inconsistent memory content in the memory area of the executed av delay in combination with the programmed therapy parameters as well as intrinsic rhythm (av-delay, msr, utr, pvarp, etc.).Based on the reproducibility a repetition of the clinical event is highly unlikely, however, cannot be excluded as a definite root cause determination was not possible based on the available data.
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