It was reported in a literature article by metikala el al.
Titled adverse events related to polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel hemiarthroplasty of 1st metatarsal: an analysis of reports to the united states food and drug administration did a retrospective review of maude database between july 2016 and october 2019 using the assigned product code: pnw for the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel implant.
A total of 49 events have been reported to this voluntary database over the past 3 years while over 22,000 cartiva devices have been implanted.
Implant subsidence was the most common with 16 reported instances.
Fragmentation of the device was observed in nine and four reports were related to infection in which two were deep infections needing antibiotic spacers.
Bone erosion managed by grafting was documented in three reports and foreign body reaction was noted in one.
Persistent pain and swelling were common presentations.
Thirty-five of 49 reported events required additional operative procedures performed at a mean interval of 4.
75 months following the index procedure while four more were awaiting further surgery.
Conversion to fusion was the most common procedure, featured in 10 reports.
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