Morimoto 2023 - optimal liver drainage rate for survival in patients with unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction using 3d-image volume analyzer all patients underwent the procedure via a standard endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ercp) technique using a standard duodenoscope (tjf-260, tjf-240, jf-260, or jf-260v; olympus optical co.Ltd., (b)(6) under intravenous sedation with meperidine hydrochloride and benzodiazepines.All patients underwent initial endoscopic biliary drainage with plastic stents (pss), and semss were replaced within 4 weeks after a definitive diagnosis of malignancy.The following semss were used: jostent selfx units (abbott vascular devices, redwood city, ca, usa), zilver stent (cook medical, winston-salem, nc, usa), zeo stent/ zeo stent v (zeon medical inc., chiyoda-ku, japan), niti-s biliary stent (taewoong medical co., gimpo-si, korea), and bilerush selective (piolax, yokohama, japan).All patients underwent more than two sems deployments using the partial stent-in-stent method,16 and 8-mm or 10-mm diameter semss were used depending on bile duct diameter.Endoscopic sphincterotomy (est) was performed to facilitate endoscopic reintervention for recurrent biliary obstruction (rbo) one case each of acute cholecystitis.Acute cholecystitis was improved after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage patient outcome: require intervention/additional procedures s=3 patient/event info - notes: gender male/ female: 50/40 age median years: 70.
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