A physician reported via a literature article that (b)(6) female received deflux (dextranomer microspheres/hyaluronic acid) injection into the submucosa of the urinary bladder as treatment for bilateral grade 2 vesicoureteral reflux (vur).Additional medical history included recurrent urinary tract infections.Concurrent medications were not provided.On unknown date, the patient received deflux.Three years after deflux, recurrent urinary tract infections persisted.In addition, a miction cystography revealed the presence of second-degree vur on the right and third-degree vur on the left.On unknown date, the patient underwent a bilateral re-implantation of the ureters by foure method.Intraoperative findings were: hard inflammatory infiltrates around the paraureteral segments of both ureters, a palpable lump on the wall of the left ureter, and granulomas of the urinary bladder wall at the vesical ostia.Histopathology revealed a chronic inflammatory lymphocytic infiltrate around both fragments of the resected ureters with a cluster of a substance of iatrogenic origin surrounded by polynucleic histiocytes located outside the muscular coat.The granulomas that were removed from the urinary bladder wall contained the muscular coat of the bladder with pseudocysts filled with a substance of iatrogenic origin, as well as amorphic calcifications, calcified eosinophilic necrotic masses, and clusters of histiocytes.The lump from the wall of the left ureter was a similar pseudocyst with a band of polynucleic histiocytes visible on its internal layer and externally surrounded by a band of the fibrous connective tissue.Postoperatively, the urinary tract infections resolved.Six months later, a miction cystography was performed and did not show the presence of vur.In addition, the scintigraphic picture of both kidneys one year after the operation was normal.The authors felt that the events were related to deflux.The company felt the events were related to deflux.Zyckowski, m."complications following endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteric reflux with deflux-two case studies." central european journal of urology, 65.4 (2012) : 230-231.
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