Information was received based on review of a journal article titled, "ball-joint versus single monolateral external fixators for definitive treatment of tibial shaft fractures" which aimed to compare a single, rigid, monolateral external fixator without ball-joints with a modular, less rigid monolateral external fixator with balljoints for the treatment of open and complex tibial shaft fractures.In the article, three patients were identified as having undergone an autologous iliac crest bone grafting procedure due to delayed union.There has been no further information provided and the patient outcome is unknown.
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