It was reported via journal article title: technical challenges in totally endoscopic robotic coronary artery bypass grafting.Authors: j.Bonatti, md, fetcs; t.Schachner, md; n.Bonaros, md; a.Öhlinger, md; m.Danzmayr; p.Jonetzko, md; g.Friedrich, md; c.Kolbitsch, md, deaa; p.Mair, md; g.Laufer, md citation: the journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.2006; 131(1).Doi: 10.1016/j.Jtcvs.2005.07.064.The aim of the study was to describe surgeon-related technical difficulties in arrested heart totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass (ahtecab) during an implementation phase, to evaluate risk factors and to determine the clinical consequences associated with undesirable surgical events.A total of 40 patients underwent ahtecab between october 2001 and october 2004.The overall coronary artery bypass grafting number during the time frame of the study was 1073, and totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass (tecab) was performed in 40 (4%) patients.During the procedure, the target vessel was exposed and incised with a lancet endoscopic knife.The left internal thoracic artery (lita) was then sutured robotically to the target vessel with a pronova 7-0 running suture.The sternal and heel parts of the anastomosis were sutured first and carried out in an outside-in manner, and thereafter, the toe of the anastomosis and the lateral portion were carried out in an inside-out manner.Reported complications included lita bleeding (n-1; 3%) and lita intramural hematoma (n-3; 8%) which required conversion and revision surgery, anastomotic stenosis (n-2; 5%) which was repaired immediately, anastomotic bleeding (n-4; 10%) which required revision procedure (n-2), and target vessel occlusion close to the heel of the anastomosis (n-2).It was reported that one possible explanation for the target vessel occlusion could be the current suture technique, in which the heel stitches are placed on the target vessel in an outside-in fashion.Local plaque mobilization might have been a consequence of this technique, leading to local vessel obstruction by the plaque.It was concluded that during the implementation phase of telemanipulation-enhanced tecab carried out on the arrested heart with remote access perfusion, technical challenges might be frequently encountered.With proper monitoring of these events, rigorous intraoperative quality control, close postoperative observation, and immediate surgical reaction, however, the sequelae for the patients are acceptable.
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