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The account alleges that a (b)(6)-year-old female patient on dialysis, presented at (b)(6) hospital, (b)(6), on (b)(6) 2020 with a recurrent bacteremia infection.The patient was implanted with a st.Jude 7120, dual-coil icd lead on (b)(6) 2013.The physician began the case by gaining venous access in the left femoral vein with the 12f sheath included in the occlusion balloon.(the right femoral vein was occluded due to a dialysis catheter) and then advanced the guidewire through the sheath and into the ivc and on through to the svc.It was apparent that there was significant calcification [disease] within the svc and around the svc leads coil.The guidewire initially would not advance past the mid-svc after several attempts.The physician loaded an occlusion balloon onto the wire and advanced it to the area of stalled progression [mid svc].The balloon served as support for the wire and was sufficient that the wire finally found a channel to advance through.Access was completed at the right subclavian vein, where the physician was able to advance and finally anchor the guidewire and the occlusion balloon into position at the ra/svc junction.A pre-inflation with approximately 10cc's of contrast was completed.The highly compliant nature of the balloon illustrated significant binding and suspected calcification [pvd].The balloon was deflated and withdrawn within the ivc.The patient remained stable throughout this entire process.The physician started to reopen the patient's pocket [located at the left shoulder/clavicle] and began dissecting the generator and lead.There was extensive calcification noted on the lead as well.While the physician continued with the dissection procedure, anesthesia noted a slight drop in blood pressure and subsequently an effusion, confirmed with tee.This occurred at approximately 4:50 pm.The patient began to experience tamponade.At approximately 4:53, pericardiocentesis began and ct surgeon was called.At approximately 4:54, chest compressions were performed.[bp was 91/56].Pericardiocentesis was continued until the ct surgeon scrubbed in.A cardiac surgeon performed a sternotomy [at 5:19, bp was 98/54] and discovered a 2mm tear in the svc which was quickly repaired.The patient was not placed on bypass.This took approximately 10-15 minutes and the patient remained stable.Upon completion of the repair, the physician continued with the lead/generator extraction.The physician exposed the conductor cables of the lead and tied a suture around them for extra traction.After several attempts to get over the svc coil, the lead detached at the coil.The laser was removed with the segment of the lead that detached.The physician then switched to a femoral approach and was able to snare the leads securely.The leads were so calcified within the vessel wall, they could not be removed through traction alone.The procedure was stopped, and the patient's chest was closed with the lead still embedded in place [in the heart].The patient remained stable throughout this entire procedure.At the end of the case, the surgeon stated that the guidewire perforated through the right atrial appendage and through the svc [use error] resulting in the 2mm tear in the svc.The guidewire/occlusion balloon is not returning for evaluation.The guidewire occlusion balloon performed as intended.
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