The account alleges that during an a-fib ablation procedure, while performing a transseptal puncture there was difficulty visualizing through the tee probe.The physician mentioned that the left and right atrium where differently orientated than in a normal anatomy and the septum was turned to a more posterior position.The first transseptal puncture was successfully completed with the preface sheath and heartspan needle.Normal pressures noted from within the left atrium.Then a secondary puncture for a second sheath, only a few millimeters more posterior was attempted.It was not possible to see the tip of the needle on echo [tenting] during transseptal puncture.It was noted that post-second heartspan needle/sheath puncture, that no blood was returning, only transparent fluid.Very low pressures were noted within the patient.After guide wire insertion, it was clear that the sheath was inadvertently placed within the epicardial space.This was confirmed by echo.Patient remained stable, no hemodynamic changes to report.Pericardial effusion was noted and approximately 60ml's of fluid was retracted from the pericardial space.The patient had 2500 units of heparin before puncture.Procedure was on hold for 30 minutes.After retracting the sheath, the physician administered protamine to reverse and neutralize the anticoagulant effects of heparin.The wire was still in place.Still no hemodynamic changes.Procedure was on hold for an additional 30 minutes.Patents pressures were still stable.The patient was transferred to recovery unit.The account concludes that because of transseptal puncture being so posterior, it may have caused a pericardial effusion.Sheath was placed in epicardium of right atrium.Patient tolerated the event well and remained stable throughout the procedure.No additional medications administered.The patient was admitted to the hospital for overnight observation.
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