As reported, a 5mm x 4cm 90 saber percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (pta) balloon catheter broke off inside the patient and was stuck in the patient¿s biliary tree.There was no reported patient injury.One product was returned for analysis.A non-sterile unit of a saber 5mm x 4cm 90 was received for analysis coiled inside a plastic bag.Per visual analysis, the balloon was observed separated at approximately the proximal area of the balloon.The separated piece was not returned for its analysis.No other anomalies were observed.Sem analysis was performed, results showed that the balloon separation was caused by a rupture on the balloon surface.The inner surface presented no anomalies near the balloon rupture.The outer surface presented evidence of scratch marks near the balloon rupture.This type of damage is commonly caused during the interaction of the balloon material with a sharp object or mechanical damage.It is very likely that the same factors that caused the observed scratch marks on the balloon outer surface could have led to the ruptured condition found on the received device.It seems the balloon material near the rupture was torn either due to the interaction of the balloon with calcified spicules located on the lesion or with a sharp object from the outside of the balloon.No other anomalies were observed during the sem analysis.A product history record (phr) review of lot 82189650 revealed no anomalies or non-conformances during the manufacturing and inspection processes that can be associated with the reported event.The reported ¿balloon separated - in-patient¿ was confirmed as the device was received separated.However, the exact cause could not be determined.It is likely vessel characteristics and procedural factors contributed to the events reported as it is known that calcium may damage balloon material.Per analysis, the outer surface presented evidence of scratch marks near the balloon rupture which most probably led to the separation that occurred.It appears the external portion of the balloon may have been induced to a tensile force that exceeded the material yield strength upon inflation due to calcified spicules.According to the safety information of the instructions for use ¿do not exceed the rated burst pressure recommended on the label.The rated burst pressure is based on the results of in vitro testing.At least (b)(4) of the balloons (with a (b)(4) confidence) will not burst at or below their rated burst pressure.Use of a pressure monitoring device is recommended to prevent over-pressurization.Pressure in excess of the rated burst pressure can cause balloon rupture and potential inability to withdraw the catheter through the introducer sheath.Balloon rupture can cause vessel damage and the need for additional intervention.Use only the recommended balloon inflation medium (a 50/50 mixture by volume of contrast medium and normal saline).Never use air or any gaseous medium.If resistance is felt upon removal, then the balloon, guidewire and the sheath should be removed together as a unit, particularly if balloon rupture or leakage is known or suspected.Proper functioning of the catheter depends on its integrity.Care should be used when handling the catheter.Damage may result from kinking, stretching, or forceful wiping of the catheter.Forceful handling can result in catheter separation and the subsequent need to use a snare or other medical interventional techniques to retrieve the pieces.Always verify integrity of the catheter after removal.¿ neither the phr nor the information available suggests a design or manufacturing related cause for the reported event.Therefore, no corrective or preventive action will be taken at this time.
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