It was reported in this literature review that an unknown patient received an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (icd) due to acute decompensated heart failure and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (af).Several years post implant, this patient started a anti arrhythmic medication for symptomatic episodes of af.Ultimately, this patient underwent a radiofrequency (rf) ablation due to persistent symptoms of af.The medication was restarted post ablation, due to an episode of atrial tachycardia.The lower rate limit was increased at that time.During this patients hospitalization admission for the rf ablation, initial 12-lead electrocardiogram revealed an atrial paced rhythm at 70 beats per minute, inferior infarction, and a left bundle branch block morphology with qrs widening and associated repolarization abnormalities.Several episodes of a ventricular paced rhythm were noted along with episodes of atrial tachy response (atr) mode switch from af with rapid ventricular response were observed, initiated by atrial pacing in the vulnerable period during episodes of repetitive nonreentrant ventriculoatrial synchrony (rnrvas).High atrial rate episodes due to af were detected over the course of 2 months.This icd was reprogrammed and the medication, stopped.This patient did not experience any more symptomatic episodes of af, and an interrogation revealed no recurrences of atr mode switch episodes.It is assumed that this unknown icd remains in service.No adverse patient effects were reported.
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