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The device history record (dhr) review was completed and this device passed all manufacturing and sterilization inspections prior to release for distribution.Based on the information available, the device was intentionally used outside the way it was designed and intended.The performance, safety, efficacy, longevity, and durability of rings and bioprosthetic valves have not been determined when the product is used outside the scope of its intended use and/or its studied population.Regurgitation which develops progressively over time can be due to a number of issues including patient related factors or structural valve deterioration.Structural valve deterioration (svd) can, and typically does, lead to chronic central leaks over a period of time.Svd is the most common reason for bioprosthesis explant and encompasses multiple failure modes, including calcification, noncalcific degeneration, dehiscence, cusp thickening or fibrosis, or a combination of these.Such failure modes may occur singularly or concomitantly.Tissue degeneration-related structural deterioration, either calcific or non-calcific, are common chronic failure modes for this type of bioprosthetic heart valve.Operational mechanical stress and biological factors are generally believed to be the major contributors to the non-calcific bioprosthetic tissue degeneration.The most likely cause is patient factors, including implant position, patients age at time of implant and noonans syndrome.
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