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Per the instructions for use (ifu), arrhythmias and conduction system defects which may or may not require a permanent pacemaker implantation are potential adverse events associated with balloon valvuloplasty, the use of local and/or general anesthesia, bioprosthetic heart valves, and the overall transcatheter valve replacement (tvr) procedure.According to the valve academic research consortium (varc) guidelines, the close anatomical relationship between the aortic valve complex and the branching atrioventricular bundle may explain these complications of the tvr procedure.According to the literature review, and as documented in ew clinical technical summary for complaints, conduction disturbances/ heart block, atrioventricular conduction disturbances after tvr are associated with many patient related and procedural related factors, including pre- operative comorbid status, the degree, and bulkiness of annular calcification, interventricular septal thickness, history of electrocardiogram abnormalities, the depth of prosthesis implantation, and the profile of the implanted prosthesis.Unlike conventional aortic valve replacement (avr), where there may be localized trauma due to decalcification of the annulus and suture placement in the proximity of the atrioventricular (av) node or the bundles, the transcatheter heart valve may cause conduction abnormalities through mechanical impingement of the conduction system by the prosthesis.The mechanisms of the development of heart block after tvr are well documented and described in the literature.It is also documented that pre-existing heart block is common in patients undergoing thv or surgical avr and another 4-6 % will develop postoperative heart block, potentially requiring a permanent pacemaker.In this case, there was no allegation or indication a product malfunction contributed to this adverse event.Investigation results suggest patient factors (annular calcification) and/or procedural factors (depth of prothesis implantation) may have caused or contributed to this event.A review of edwards lifesciences risk management documentation was performed for this case.The reported event is an anticipated risk of the transcatheter heart valve procedure, additional assessment of this adverse event is not required at this time.The ifu and training manuals have been reviewed and no inadequacies have been identified with regards to warnings, contraindications, and the directions/conditions for the successful use of the device.Complaint histories for all reported events are reviewed against trending control limits monthly, and any excursions above the control limits are assessed and documented as part of this monthly review.As such, neither a product risk assessment, nor corrective or preventative actions are required at this time at this time.
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As reported from germany by our edwards lifesciences affiliates, heart block occurred post implant of a 23mm sapien 3 ultra valve in the aortic position by right transfemoral approach.During implantation, the valve jumped in left ventricle direction and was implanted in the 50/50 (aortic: ventricular) position.The patient had good hemodynamics and no paravalvular leak.No action was needed.The positioning problems may have occurred due to the massive hypertrophy of left ventricle.After the implantation, a third-degree heart block occurred, requiring pacing with the temporary pacemaker used for implantation.Additionally, a permanent pacemaker was required on the same day as the procedure.The patient was in a stable condition.
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