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It was reported that pericardial effusion, chest pain, hypotension and thrombosis occurred.A left atrial appendage closure (laac) procedure was being performed.Prior to the procedure, the patient was known to have a patent foramen ovale (pfo), an extremely aneurysmal septum and difficult anatomy with a rotated heart.A watchman trusteer access system (was) was selected for use.It was decided to cross the septum above the pfo, rather than through.When attempting to advance versacross looped wire up the superior vena cava (svc), the wire and sheath kept advancing through the pfo rather than up the svc.Suboptimal imaging was a concern throughout the case.The physician was unable to visualize the sheath, wire and appendage on transesophageal echocardiography (tee).A sweep was attempted to find the sheath and the wire.The sheath had crossed above the pfo.The sheath was riding parallel alongside the top of the aorta, but the end of the sheath and wire could not be seen on tee.There was concern that the pericardial space had been crossed.Pericardial fluid was aspirated and the pigtail was withdrawn slightly.Blood was aspirated from the pigtail.Vitals were monitored while an effusion check was completed.No effusion was found and the vitals were stable.There was a concern about withdrawing the sheath if a structure of the heart had indeed been punctured, but the physician decided to proceed.There were still no signs of effusion, and the patient vitals were stable.The septum was crossed above the pfo with a verscross connect.Once in the left atrium, a large clot was noted on tee.The clot looked like it was flopping around in the la and looked like it was attached to the mitral annulus.Because the effusion took some time to show up it is likely that aorta was not punctured but instead may have been skimmed when the initial images were difficult.The physician decided to discontinue the procedure and aspirated from and slowly withdrew the sheath.No clot was found on the sheath.Patient vitals remained stable.A small marginal effusion was found on the tee at the end of the case, but no changes were seen for 20-30 minutes.One to two hours following the procedure, the patient experienced chest pain and had a drop in blood pressure.Tee was completed and the effusion had grown.The patient was brought back for a pericardiocentesis where 730ml of blood was removed.The patient was kept overnight on a heparin drip to monitor the effusion.The patient was reported to be in stable condition.
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