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As stated in literature:
¿the human breast is not a sterile anatomic structure; it contains endogenous flora, derived from the nipple ducts, that is essentially similar to that found in normal skin.Multiple breast ducts provide a passage from the skin surface to deep within the breast tissue" (pittet et al, 2005)."symptoms of infection usually manifest during the first 2 postoperative weeks, but delayed infections may occur months or even years after the operation" (skandalakis, 2009).The most common overall indication for reoperation is capsular contracture (handel, 2006).Breast prostheses are no different from any foreign material implanted into the human body in the sense of triggering a protective immune reaction from the host.This ¿foreign body response¿ (fbr) is universal and ideally removes or otherwise surrounds the ¿irritant material¿ with fibrous tissue to prevent unwanted immune sequelae.A capsule around a breast implant is, therefore, a necessary mechanism of body defense, but if excessive it can lead to pain and deformity of the breast (steiert, et al., 2013).Complications occurring months to years after an operation are considered late complications and include capsular contracture, implant extrusion, skin necrosis, and implant rupture (collins, 2012).Extrusion represents potential complications associated with the use of breast implants, it involves the implant coming through the
skin, normally through the incision where it¿s been placed.Extrusion can happen for several reasons, such as the skin over the implant thinned too much leaving too little coverage for the implant, the implant used is too large, the incision did not heal well and broke open.Implant exposure due to poor tissue coverage frequently obligates the surgeon to remove the breast implant and begin anew (gargano, ciminello & de santis, 2009).Per our directions for use, each patient must receive the establishment labs s.A.¿motiva implants®: information for the patient¿ during her surgical consultation, it is the surgeons´ responsibility to ensure that the patient completely understands the information regarding the risks, benefits, and recommendations associated with silicone gel-filled breast implant surgery, as well as the complications typical of any type of surgery.This document is available in motiva® website: ifu.Motiva.Health.The instructions for use in the directions for use were reviewed, to determinate if there are indications that ensure the prevention and good handling of the product.For this event, it is considered that the information is suitable for the section of surgical precautions as follows:
capsular contracture:
¿capsular contracture occurs when the capsule tightens and squeezes the implant.This can cause the implant to turn rigid (from slightly firm to quite hard) and the firmest ones can cause varying degrees of discomfort, pain, and palpability.In addition to the firmness, capsular contracture can result in a deformed breast, visible surface wrinkling and/or displacement of the implant.Detection of breast cancer by mammography may also be a more difficult.Capsular contracture may be more common following infection, hematoma, and seroma, and the chance of it happening may increase over time.Capsular contracture is a risk factor for implant rupture, and it is the most common reason for reoperation in augmentation and reconstruction patients.Patients should also be advised that additional surgery might be needed in cases where pain and/or firmness are severe (baker grades iii or iv) and that capsular contracture may happen again after additional surgeries."correction of capsular contracture may require surgical removal or release of the capsule, or removal and possible replacement of the implant itself¿.Infection:
"signs of acute infection reported in association with breast tissue expanders include edema, erythema, tenderness, pain, and fever.As with other invasive surgeries, toxic shock syndrome (tss), a life-threatening condition, has been reported in rare instances following breast implant surgery.Symptoms of tss occur suddenly and can include high fever (102°f (38.8°c) or higher), vomiting, diarrhea, sunburn-like rash, red eyes, dizziness, lightheadedness, muscle aches, and drops in blood pressure, which may cause fainting.Patients should immediately contact their physician for diagnosis and treatment if any of these symptoms occur.".
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