Height: (b)(6).Investigation: visual inspection: the visual examination indicated that the catheter is detached from the shunt assistant and there are scratches on the outer housing of the progav 2.0.Under microscopic observation, one sees clearly that the catheter was torn.No other significant deformations or damage was detected.Permeability test: a permeability test has shown that the catheter is permeable.Results: first, we performed a visual inspection of the system.Scratches on the outer casing of the progav 2.0 were observed through the visual inspection.A tear in the distal catheter was also detected.The end of the distal catheter showed signs of having been torn apart (not cut).Next, we tested the permeability of the catheter.The test results indicate that the distal catheter is permeable.We cannot explain how the tear occurred, but there is a particular problem with still growing patients / children as described in the scientific literature.Here, growth-related shear forces or tensile forces in the connective tissue can occur, which can lead to the need to remove the catheter.It may also happen that the drainage / catheter is not long enough and causes drainage to an unintended location.Another long-term problem of shunt drainage is the calcification of the catheter walls and thus increasing the brittleness of the system.Based on our investigation, we can confirm that the catheter has broken.We can exclude a defect at the time of release.The shunt system met all specifications of the final inspection when released from christoph miethke gmbh & co.Kg.
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